On 21 April 1946, John Maynard Keynes, the prominent British economist who influenced all of world economics, passed away. A key economic concept for the 20th century is named after him – Keynesian economics. Keynes is also considered to be the founder of macroeconomics as a separate academic discipline.

On 20 April 1946, the United Nations established the International Refugee Organisation (IRO) to assist the huge number of refugees flooding into Europe after World War II.

On 19 April 1946, the first religious service since its reopening was held in the Main Cathedral of the Trinity Lavra of St. Sergius - the largest male monastery of the Russian Orthodox Church. The monastery dates back to the 14th century and, in its time, has served as a centre for religious, political, and cultural life, as well as having been pressed into service as a publishing house.

On 11 April 1946, the first flight of the Bell X-1 experimental aircraft with a rocket engine occurred at the Murok Air Force Base (renamed Edwards Air Force Base in the 1950s).

On 10 April the American Army's newspaper “Stars and Stripes” was published with a headline that suggested that Soviet prosecutor Roman Rudenko had “shot and killed” the defendant Hermann Göring in the courtroom in Nuremberg. The sensational headline was taken by several other agencies as well.

On 9 April 1946, the Council of Ministers of the USSR issued a secret decree No. 805-327ss on the creation of Design Bureau No. 11 (KB-11) for the development of nuclear weapons at Laboratory No. 2 of the USSR Academy of Sciences (now the National Research Centre "Kurchatov Institute"). Soviet scientists were ordered to create a domestic atomic bomb in the shortest possible time. Defence plant No. 550 in the village of Sarov in the Mordovian Autonomous Soviet Socialist Republic (now the city of Sarov in the Nizhny Novgorod Region) became the technical base of Design Bureau No. 11.

The Japanese-occupied town of Sandakan on the island of Borneo was used as a prisoner-of-war camp for Australians, British, and Americans to maintain a military airfield. Allied aviation constantly shelled Sandakan, causing the Japanese military command to build a new airfield in the town of Ranau in North Borneo and to abolish the Sandakan POW Camp.

In 1945 German authorities used the Danish island of Bornholm to evacuate blockaded German groups from the Courland Pocket. The island housed a naval port and an airfield.

On 4 April 1946, the Far Eastern Commission decided on the punishment of Japanese war criminals. The commission was created according to an agreement concluded at the Moscow meeting of the foreign ministers of the USSR, the USA, and Great Britain on 16-26 December 1945.